Psychology assignment-Work for Pay and Work at Home Essay

Brain science task Work for Pay and Work at Home - Essay Example on, taking care of youngster, etc†¦): I am the person who has gotten our child into after school childcare, and I start to lead the pack with regards to our child and his school and childcare. Who is liable for monitoring social duties and commitment (birthday celebrations, commemorations, etc†¦): I monitor all the significant dates, similar to commemorations and birthday events. John experiences difficulty recollecting dates. Do you depend on employed assistance for any of the family unit tasks referenced (babysitter, servant, etc†¦): If we could manage the cost of it, I’d love to recruit a maid, however since we can’t, we don’t depend on any other individual. As I stated, I do a large portion of the tasks in the family unit. What alterations, assuming any, did you make with respect to these undertakings when you became guardians: I have taken on the overseer job, so my remaining task at hand multiplied when I turned into a mother. In addition to the fact that I feel answerable for the tasks, yet in addition when our child was conceived, I turned into the essential guardian for him. What appears to work best about this course of action and accomplishes it function admirably: This game plan works simply because I maintain everything in control. I think on the off chance that I didn’t, the family would self-destruct with disruption and couldn’t work appropriately. On a scale from 1 to 10, 1 being exceptionally disappointed and 10 being extremely fulfilled, how might you rate your degree of fulfillment with these plans: I would rate this course of action as a 4 since I feel exhausted and focused. What courses of action have you and your accomplice made for family fixes (plumbing, painting, etc†¦): I do all the family fixes. I can fix pretty much anything and I’m not going to pay a handyman or another person to accomplish the work when I can do it similarly as well as possible. What courses of action have you and your accomplice made for childcare (oversight, taking care of youngster, etc†¦): Our child is school matured, and afterward goes to a network childcare after school. Jane deals with the entirety of that sort of thing. In the event that your kid is debilitated and incapable to go to childcare or school, who

Compare Japanese and British industrialization Free Essays

â€Å"Compare political, monetary, and social impacts of the Industrial Revolution on Britain and Japanese society between 1850 †1914† An Industrial Revolution is when creation advances to machines rather than by hands. Mechanical Revolution, which began in the mid nineteenth century in Britain, spread all through the world and arrived at Japan around 1868. Be that as it may, industrialization of every country was distinctive due to land area and social impact and along these lines brought about comparable monetary result however very various political and social outcomes. We will compose a custom article test on Look at Japanese and British industrialization or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now One of the significant reasons that made Industrial Revolution start in Britain and Japan is a direct result of topographical likenesses. Both Japan and Britain are confined islands close by the landmass, with constrained however enough crude materials to begin industrialization. On account of Britain, it had coal, iron, and fleece, which Japan needed to import from different nations. The monetary result of the two countries was the equivalent: the two nations got rich and incredible. Another comparative impact of industrialization among Japan and Britain was their improvement of innovation and military weapons. Driven by the requirement for crude materials, the two of them vanquished nations in Africa and Asia. Laborers in both Britain and Japan endured a lot: low wages, long working hours, poor working conditions, living in ghettos, and maybe, youngster work. The manner in which Industrial Revolution started in the two countries was impressively extraordinary. England spearheaded industrialization in an increasingly normal manner; politically Britain had been truly steady, liberated from common wars and household confusion. Financially the nation had low levy which supported all the more exchanging and creation. The British turned over creating steam motors, water outlines, turning jenny that helped start Industrial Revolution. They were increasingly spurred to push ahead from hand creation, in contrast to the Japanese, they had a cutting edge perspective. Japan was â€Å"forced† to industrialize as a result of outside weight. China was colonized not very some time before American Matthew Perry showed up in Japan to open the nation for exchange. From the center of the nineteenth century to 1945, the British Empire was immense to such an extent that individuals said the sun never set. For this situation of Japan, it vanquished first China in 1895, and after 10 years, Russia in 1905. Settlements, for example, India sent out cotton to Britain, and Manchuria and Korea to give iron and copper to Japan. The populace rate was bigger in Britain than it was in Japan. Instructions to refer to Compare Japanese and British industrialization, Papers

Project Management with Mind Mapping

Project Management with Mind Mapping So with all the various project management tools available today, and there are a lot, I thought I’d share with you some examples of how you can achieve efficient project management with mind mapping. The great thing for me about mind mapping software is it can be either used solo or used concurrently with another project management tool. Planning a project and developing a strategy can be quite a time-consuming undertaking. Personally, doing this with a mind map saves me a huge amount of time. After an initial brainstorming session for the project, we usually have most thoughts and ideas detailed. When all the information is compiled and sorted into categories the project seems a lot more manageable, as there is a clearer picture of all the tasks needed to implement the project. How to Use Mind Mapping for Your Next Project? Whether youre going solo or collaborating on a project, creating a mind map to plan each stage is a great way to ensure a well thought out and well-executed strategy. For your next project whatever it may be, give it a go! This example is a guide on how you can use mind mapping for a collaborative project: Create a mind map with the title of the project Invite all teams members to be collaborators using a secure link Have a brainstorming session with all collaborators At this point, you should have a map with many topics, ideas, and tasks to be completed. The next step is to appoint a team leader who can: Sort and structure all the information in the map Delegate tasks, create deadlines and set reminders for each member Once this has been completed you will have very quickly created a project plan and a great starting point for the project. In addition to this, create another mind map with all details of each team member i.e. contact details, to-do lists and daily schedules; it can then be linked to the main map. The purpose for this is that everyone can see what the other is doing, progress can be monitored and meetings can be easily scheduled to suit everyone. MindMeister supports both iOS and Android on multiple smartphones and tablets meaning that members can literally participate whenever or wherever they may be! Some helpful MindMeister features for project management: Task setting Prioritize nodes Presentation mode Email reminders for tasks Task view History playback Email notifications whenever a collaborator makes a change Store, share and edit mind maps directly in Google Drive Link important documents, videos or resources within a mind map So thats how to plan and implement a project using MindMeister give it a try and let us know how you get on in the comments below ?? Update: since writing this article weve launched our task management tool MeisterTask, integrating seamlessly with MindMeister so users can turn their plans into actionable tasks, assigned to the relevant project, teammate, and due date. Map out your project plan Sign up for MindMeister Sign up for MindMeister

Fast Food By Eric Schlosser - 933 Words

Specter uses outside sources such as, Eric Schlosser who wrote Fast-food Nation in 2001. By including outside sources Specter is able to credit his information and make sure that he has accurate and compelling information. To provide even more accuracy, he even includes quotes from other authors such as this quote, â€Å"In 2012, companies produced enough regular soda to supply every single person in America, regardless of age, with nearly thirty gallons,’’ from Marion Nestle who the recently published book Soda Politics. He selects to express information about both classic fast food and new healthy fast food in order for the reader to understand both sides of the spectrum. As for public affairs, Specter also makes sure to incorporate important facts into this article to credit his argument that obesity is prevalent in America. Specter states that, â€Å"People throughout the world are getting fatter† (Specter, 1). This is an important issue that needs to be sto pped. By creating healthy fast food, America is working toward addressing obesity and increasing alternative options to food places such as Burger King and McDonalds. America has seen the largest rate of â€Å"globesity,† the World Health Organization refers to the epidemic as the growing obesity rate in America (Bentley, 1). In the United States, per-capita calorie consumption rose from 2,109 calories a day in 1970 to 2,568 calories in 2010, according to the Department of Agriculture. While, the average man today weighs a hundredShow MoreRelatedFast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser957 Words   |  4 PagesFast Food Nation Fast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser was overall an alarmingly convincing tale. Schlosser’s ability to subtly drop facts regarding the negative aspects of the fast food industry that so profoundly swayed the reader wa extremely effective. Schlosser did not come out and state his opinion bluntly at any time throughout the novel. Instead, he would incorporate the right facts here and there to persuade the reader to feel the same way about the fast food industry that he felt: negativelyRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1678 Words   |  7 Pagestougher food safety laws, it should protect American workers from serious harm, it should fight against dangerous concentrations of economic power (Schlosser). People must wonder how is it that a fast food company has so much customers. Advertising is the answer. The power advertisers have to be able to influence so many people s decisions and affect people’s lives especially the lives of young children is incredible. Adver tisers know just who to target and they research how too. In Eric Schlosser’sRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser865 Words   |  4 Pagesspent on food to support a family. In the book Fast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser he talks about how fast food affects American Society. He talks about how much money is spent on fast food, which is $110 billion dollars. Eric Schlosser says that many Americans spend more money on fast food then they do on cars and education. He mentions many food companies such as McDonalds, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and how it can be â€Å"the world’s largest provider of death care services†.(Schlosser 5) In Fast Food NationRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1253 Words   |  6 Pagesand shipping ports. Cattle and other livestock arrived by railroad. After the animals were slaughtered, they would be shipped to meat counters around the country and overseas. In his book Fast Food Nation, Eric Schlosser writes about the changes in the meatpacking industry. Among those changes, Schlosser explains, Iowa Beef Packers (IBP) changed the entire meatpacking industry by turning the business of slaughtering animals into an assembly line. Meatpacking no longer requires skilled workersRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1596 Words   |  7 Pagesby consumerism and big business. Companies selling cheap food and cheap goods are scattered across the nation in every state and town. This is Eric Schlosser’s main topic in his novel Fast Food Nation. From telling the start of the first fast food restaurants in America, to explaining how the food is made, Schlosser s covers the whole history of the world wide food phenomenon. Eric Schlosser is an American journalist and Author of Fast Food Nation. He was born in Manhattan, New York, but grew upRead MoreFast Food Industry By Eric Schlosser3535 Words   |  15 PagesEstrella Introduction 1. Eric Schlosser chose the topic of fast food industry because he became quite inspired after reading an article about illegal immigrants in a strawberry field and how they a suffered in the process. The article was based on an investigation that was placed on the fields while they worked. It was also based on the immense impact that this industry had on society. Schlosser wanted to as said in his book â€Å"shed light† to the world on how successful hard working industry worksRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser848 Words   |  4 PagesLAST THREE DECADES, fast food has infiltrated every nook and cranny of American society†, Schlosser writes. Fast Food Nation, written by Eric Schlosser, includes topics about fast food chains impact on the community, jobs relating to fast food, and health issues. Fast Food Nation uses logic to appeal to the aspects of fast food chains by giving relatable examples from the devastating effects on the communities to the millions of jobs offered for our country. Moreover, fast food chains have contributedRead MoreFast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser Essay1928 Words   |  8 Pagesmost shocking books of the generation is Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation. The novel includes two sections, The American Way and Meat and Potatoes,† that aid him in describing the history and people who have helped shape up the basics of the â€Å"McWorld.† Fast Food Nation jumps into action at the beginning of the novel with a discussion of Carl N. Karcher and the McDonald’s brothers. He explores their roles as â€Å"Gods† of the fast-food industry. Schlosser then visits Colorado Springs and investigatesRead MoreFast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pagesto make then at first glance. Eric Schlosser’s book Fast Food Nation delves deep into the intricate workings of the fast food industry to expose mistreatment and cruelty towards workers in the business, just as Upton S inclair had done in the early 1900’s regarding the meat packing industry. Schlosser is able to bring light to the darkness behind the All-American meal through extensive research and personal confrontations of which he has high regards for. Fast Food Nation is a good literary nonfictionRead MoreAs Eric Schlosser Once Stated In An Interview, â€Å"Fast Food1053 Words   |  5 PagesAs Eric Schlosser once stated in an interview, â€Å"Fast food is popular because it’s convenient, it’s cheap, and it tastes good. But the real cost of eating fast food never appears on the menu.† (Interview with Eric Schlosser, 2017, Q3). Fast food is very popular around the world and has been around for a very long time, but the question that should be asked is, is fast food hurting Americans or helping them? The history of fast food did not start at the same point in time as the history of McDonald’s

The Philosophy Of Joseph Butler On The First Principle Of...

Dominik Lapinksi Paul Bloomfield Rasa Davidaviciute PHIL 1104 10/31/14 Supervenience with Perspective to Butler and Rawls In philosophy, the term supervenience is, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, â€Å"A set of properties A supervenes upon another set B just in case no two things can differ with respect to A-properties without also differing with respect to their B-properties† (McLaughlin). Literally, self-deceit is a misconception held by a person in favor of it. On the other hand, justice is defined as result or process of using laws to punish and justly judge criminals and crimes, in other words, justice is a just or fair treatment or behavior. In relation to this, supervening is portrayed in the philosophy of Joseph Butler on self-deceit and Rawls’ discussion on the first principle of justice. Joseph Butler dedicated three of his Sermon X to ideas pertaining self-deceit. According to his idea, self-deceit supervene self-partiality and reflections of our actions. Joseph Butler views self-deceit as a serious moral problem this is because one is often self-deceived even when one thinks that is doing the right or moral thing. In fact, when one thinks that is doing the right thing, one is usually deceived, and one often recognizes self-deception even after a later reflection of what one does. That one is so prone to moral philosophy of self-deception and this is caused by absence of reflection after an action, this is because self-partiality prompts onesShow MoreRelatedMy View Of Human Morality Essay1844 Words   |  8 PagesWe absorb these values as children while we navigate our social environment, processing and reevaluating them throughout our adult lives. Every individual understands that life is important hence he or she needs moral values, which act as guiding principle s. Our values form the foundation of our lives. They dictate the choices we make and determine the direction that our life takes. Our values will influence our decisions related to our relationships, career, and other activities we engage in. TheRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 PagesBranches of philosophy The following branches are the main areas of study: †¢ Metaphysics investigates the nature of being and the world. Traditional branches are cosmology and ontology. †¢ Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible. Among its central concerns has been the challenge posed by skepticism and the relationships between truth, belief, and justification. †¢ Ethics, or moral philosophy, is concerned with questions of howRead MoreHenry David Thoreau4404 Words   |  18 Pagesargument for individual resistance to civil government in moral opposition to an unjust state. Henrys books, articles, essays, journals, and poetry total over 20 volumes. Among his lasting contributions were his writings on natural history and philosophy, where he anticipated the methods and findings of ecology and environmental history, two sources of modern day environmentalism. His literary style interweaves close natural observation, personal experience, pointed rhetoric, symbolic meanings,Read MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 Pages.................4 Understanding History through Historical Phases .......................................................................................................5 Photos of Walter Friedlander Simon Patten 9who used the term social work first time) ....................................9 The Settlement House ............................................................................................................................................10 Understanding the History of Social WelfareRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesGeorge and john steiner as under: 1- Religion: The great world religion as we hav seen are: †¢ Judaism †¢ Christianity †¢ Islam The business people in this religion believe that their religion provides them with ethical principles/standards, which can be applied in business. The jewish tradition and the Christian tradition refer to religious ethical teaching as the ten commandments which are believed to have been divinely revealed as the will of God. THE TEN COMMANDMENTS: Read MoreIntroducing the History of Marketing Theory and Practice11077 Words   |  45 Pagescan begin to study marketing, we need to understand something about this history and the debates and controversies that have shaped the field. In this chapter, we shall review the origins of marketing thought, examining when the term ‘marketing’ was first used, its subsequent development, and provide an overview of the development of marketing thought and practice. Marketing, clearly, is probably as old as human civilisation itself (see Jones and Shaw, 2002; Minowa and Witkowski, 2009; Moore and ReidRead MoreMetamorphoses Within Frankenstein14861 Words   |  60 Pageshas spawned a literally incompreh ensib le number of d ifferen t interpretations. For all that, however, and especially amongst a general public apprized of the myth but innocent of th e novel, ther e remains a remarkable consensus — as Marilyn Butler po ints ou t: ‘Read ers, f ilmgoers, people who ar e neither, take the very word Frankenstein to convey an awfu l warning : don’t usurp God’s prerogativ e in th e Creation-game, or don’t get too clever with 10 technology’. God’s prerogative;Read MoreThe Most Controversial American Presidents9333 Words   |  38 Pagesbecause I wanted to find out more about the most controversial American presidents: George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, John. F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon and Theodor Roosevelt. George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799) served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and as the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1783. Because of his significant role in the revolution and in the formation of the United States, he is oftenRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 Pagesimportantly, to the Record Industry Association of America (RIAA). The RIAA, which represents record companies responsible for 85% of the total sales of records in the U.S., initially responded fiercely against any of the PMRC’s demands, invoking First Amendment rights for the free exercise of speech and music (Goodchild 1986:161). On August 5, President Gortikov of the RIAA sent a letter to PMRC President Pam Howar in which he stated that the RIAA agreed to have a warning label put on all futureRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesadv ersary, the antagonist), as, for example, in most detective fiction. Internal conflict, on the other hand, is confined to the protagonist. In this case, the opposition is between two or more elements within the protagonist’s own character, as in Joseph Conrad’s â€Å"Heart of Darkness†, when Kurtz struggles (and fails) to subdue the savage instincts concealed beneath his civilized English veneer. Most plots, it should be noted, contain more than one conflict. In some cases, however, these multiple conflicts

Japan Staffing Approach Free Essays

What is the crime rate of the country you have chosen? Use outside references. In past classes the crime rate question doesnt get enough attention, so spend some time on this. How does your country’s crime stats compare to the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan Staffing Approach or any similar topic only for you Order Now S.? According to the travel. state. gov Japan has low rate of crime. Security issue in Japan, Crime levels are low. It is generally safe to walk about at night and to travel on public transport, but you should maintain the same level of vigilance as you would at home and take sensible precautions. Safety scale of Japan is 80. 98 (Numbeo, 2013). Japanese government authorities cannot rule out the threat of terrorism in Japan. As a counter-terrorism precaution, the Japanese government has, since July 2005, implemented heightened security measures at key facilities including on public transport and at ports of entry. Recent changes in Japan’s security policies have been interpreted by the media as representing a scrapping of the countrys pacifist restrictions, leading it toward becoming a â€Å"normal† nation and acquiring a more assertive military. These changes include permitting the right to exercise collective self-defense, creating a National Security Council, relaxing a ban on exporting defense-related equipment and procuring new military assets. The changes are significant, but they do not represent a fundamental shift. Instead, they represent a pragmatic evolution in response to Japan’s increasingly dangerous eighborhood. If possible, avoid carrying credit cards or large amounts of cash to parties, bars, clubs or entertainment districts. Do not leave your drink unattended. Think about your personal safety, take appropriate precautions and refer to our intormation tor travellers partying overseas tor turtner advice. Sporadic incidents ot bag snatching and pickpocketing of foreigners in crowded shopping areas, on trains and at airports have occurred. Credit card and ATM fraud can occur in Japan. If you are suspicious of any items that are stuck to ATMs or look unusual, do not use the machine. Exercise normal safety precautions and take care with your valuables. How to cite Japan Staffing Approach, Papers

Business Development Corporation Contract †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Business Development Corporation Contract? Answer: Introducation Cox music limited is a music company which was established in July 2017. This music company is now planning to record and release a music which is to be recorded by the renowned artist Alison Brad. The company before recording has to comply with certain provision of law governing musical works in Australia. The musical works cover under the provision of copyright which is given under Copyright Act 1986. Legal matters As the company is planning to record a song by an artist for this this purpose the artist and the company should bind themselves legally by entering into the contract so that they can seek legal remedy in case of there of any dispute arises in the middle of the contract. But for that there should be basic elements which must exist into contract includes:[1] Agreements in which one party gives an offer (with terms and condition) to another party for acceptance,[2] Capacity: both of the parties should have attained age of majority and capable to understand the consequences of the contract. Consideration: There should be legal consideration between the parties without consideration the contract will considered as valid contract. Legal intention: the contract should have legal binding effect to bind the parties for that party must have legal intention to create a legal relationship between them.[3] Mutual consent: for the valid contract there must be a free consent from both of the party. Further after the record of the music by an artist. The company has to release the music and it has to contact with suppliers and publishers. For that the suppliers publishers and company will form the contract and will specify the terms and condition of the contract. After that the company will also make the contract with event organizers for the event of music release. In the case of any dispute the company will relay on alternative dispute resolution where the parties to the contract will send the dispute to the arbitration court for the settlement and the decision of the arbitrator will be considered as finale.in the case of occurrence of any force majeure either before or at the time of recording or release of music such that the recording or release gets affect and become impossible then the company or artist will not be liable for any kind breach and damages. Apart from all this if any party of the contract breaches any terms and condition of the contract such party will be li able for the damages. The company will have all rights to seek the remedy in the matter of breach by the artist enter a clause in the contract between the artist and company so as to prohibit the artist to perform or to enter into a contract for a performance for a third party. Accordingly if the artist breaches this clause he may initiate arbitrator proceeding for the breach as above mentioned by the company and company will also have a right to seek the remedy in the case of breach by the supplier through the entering another clause in the contract of the supplier and the company in which if the supplier will not supply music CDs within the given time which have mentioned in the contract. The supplier will do specific performance for the company within the given time. the company has to singed a CG (general catalogue) agreement with the music publisher for the registration of the musical work but Before registering for the copyright company has to introduce the type the musical work and it has to understand the copyright ownership facts.[4] Songwriters, creator and all persons who contributes in the musical work for their living has to follow all the provision of copyright.[5] Copyright is major rule to getting money in the field of music industry thus the provision related to copyrights provides certain legal rights to the copyright owner for their work.[6] These rights give them control over their work and in payment negotiation when other person wishes to utilize their work. The right related to music and lyrics, recordings, performance, distributed edition along with the rights covering merchandising are examples of earning money that runs by the music industry. All the artist and consultants should understand the basic rule of copy rights.[7] The Copyright Act of Australia provides certain rights to copyright owners in their musical works and lyrics which are as follows: Reproduction of the work: through recording, photocopying, or online downloading publication: produce it publically first time; give the performance in public; connect it to the public: via radio, TV and online interpret it for lyrics manage or transcribe it for music[8] The music business access the terms to describe the rights includes mechanical right to record a song on CD, synchronization right to recreate tune onto soundtrack and performance right to perform publically (live or via recording and to connect it publically (playing it online or via broadcast). Mostly copyright is held by the owner of the music but in some cases the owner license and allocate their rights to another person who utilize them on their behalf. All the performance and communication rights of the composer are managed by The Australian performing Right Association. The composer gets the copyright for his lifetime plus 70 years after death of the composer. Copyright also protects music and lyrics under a sound recording separately. The copyright also gives protection for the investment related to music that is possessed by an organization or individual that contributed money for the recording. Recording music also includes its reproduction. The reproduction of musical work in song recording for selling purpose is administered by the copyright. These provisions give permission for the song recording but the owner of the copyright should be informed about the sound recording and royalty.[9] Conclusion The company cox music limited has to abide all the provision of copyright and it has to register it musical work also. Apart from all this it has to abide the provision related to the contract and form the contract with the artist publishers and suppliers and it should also explain all the terms, conditions and requirement related to contract during formation of contract with another party. References APRA AMCOS, Registration Works (2017) https://apraamcos.com.au/music-creators/writer-portal/registering-works/. Art Law Center of Australia, musicians Composers: Useful Resources (2015) https://www.artslaw.com.au/images/uploads/Musicians_and_composers_-_useful_resources_upload_17_03_15.pdf. Australian Government, Copyright Act 1968 https://www.legislation.gov.au/Series/C1968A00063. Harold Stock Co, When is a Contract Legally Binding (September 2013) https://www.haroldstock.com/contracts/contract-legally-binding/. Music Rights Australia, Copyright FAQS (2017) https://www.musicrights.com.au/antipiracy/what-is-copyright/ Nolo, What makes a Contract Valid? (November 2006) Forbes https://www.forbes.com/2006/11/20/smallbusiness-statelaw-gifts-ent-law-cx_nl_1120contracts.html. Simpsons, Copyright Music- The Basic https://simpsons.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Music-Business-Chapter-8-Copyright-and-Music-The-Basics.pdf. Small Business Development Corporation, Contract and agreements (2016) https://www.smallbusiness.wa.gov.au/business-advice/legal-essentials/contracts-and-agreements [1] Small Business Development Corporation, Contract and agreements (2016) https://www.smallbusiness.wa.gov.au/business-advice/legal-essentials/contracts-and-agreements. [2] Nolo, What makes a Contract Valid? (November 2006) Forbes https://www.forbes.com/2006/11/20/smallbusiness-statelaw-gifts-ent-law-cx_nl_1120contracts.html. [3]Harold Stock Co, When is a Contract Legally Binding (September 2013) https://www.haroldstock.com/contracts/contract-legally-binding/. [4] APRA AMCOS, Registration Works (2017) https://apraamcos.com.au/music-creators/writer-portal/registering-works/. [5] Australian Government, Copyright Act 1968 https://www.legislation.gov.au/Series/C1968A00063. [6]Music Rights Australia, Copyright FAQS (2017) https://www.musicrights.com.au/antipiracy/what-is-copyright/ [7] Art Law Center of Australia, musicians Composers: Useful Resources (2015) https://www.artslaw.com.au/images/uploads/Musicians_and_composers_-_useful_resources_upload_17_03_15.pdf. [8] Australasian Music Publishers Association, Owners (2017) https://www.ampal.com.au/about-music-rights/. Australasian Music Publishers Association, Owners (2017) https://www.ampal.com.au/about-music-rights/. [9] Simpsons, Copyright Music- The Basic https://simpsons.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Music-Business-Chapter-8-Copyright-and-Music-The-Basics.pdf.

The Philippines And The World Market Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The Philippines and the World Market The Philippines is considered to be one of the most westernized states in Asia. It has strong ties to the United States and the United States. In fact, It is the lone charter member of the U.N. in all of Southeast Asia. The United States has a really close relationship with the economic system and civilization of the Philippines. For case, Filipinos have a strong bitterness toward communistic states. During the cold war, the Philippines supported America by systematically being hostile toward communist states, and did non maintain diplomatic dealingss with the Soviet Union or any other communist province. The United States is the largest foreign consumer of Philippine merchandises. In many ways the endurance of the Filipino economic system depends on the united States. We purchase about all of the sugar exports, most of the coconut oil, embellishment, at least half of the base metals, and a 4th of the timber. We will write a custom essay sample on The Philippines And The World Market Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The United States supplies most of the Philippine imports of machinery, dairy merchandises, cotton, documents, drugs, cars and much or the crude oil merchandises. Although states like Japan, Canada Australi a, and New Zealand are acquiring more and more involved in trade with the Philippines, America remains to be the Philippines most of import trading spouse. When America acquired the Philippines and established free trade in 1909, the economic system of the islands was tied to that parent state. As a consequence, the Philippines became about wholly dependent upon United States markets. Therefore, America has had a strong influence on non merely the economic system of the Philippines, but besides the political relations of it. The United States established a public instruction system in the Philippines in the early 1900? s. Although they were non American schools they had many similarities. American instructors were used every bit good as American books. The instructors besides taught in English. The Filipino authorities is even designed after the American system and dedicated to democratic procedure. All in all America has become a really strong influence on the Philippines. Even though the exterior program was to construct up the Filipino economic system and authorities so allow them hold their independency, it seems obvious there was a deeper program to Americanise and economically command the county. Follow the money. .

Bottle Gourd Domestication and History

Bottle Gourd Domestication and History The bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) has had a complex domestication history written for it over the past twenty years. However, recent DNA research suggests that it was domesticated three times: in Asia, at least 10,000 years ago; in Central America, about 10,000 years ago; and in Africa, about 4,000 years ago. In addition, the bottle gourds dispersal throughout Polynesia is a key part of evidence supporting the possible Polynesian discovery of the New World, circa 1000 AD. The bottle gourd is a diploid, monoecious plant of the Cucurbitacea. The plant has thick vines with large white flowers that open only at night. The fruit comes in a large variety of shapes, selected for by their human users. The bottle gourd is primarily grown for its fruit, which when dried forms a woody hollow vessel that is suitable for containing water and food, for fishing floats, for musical instruments and for clothing, among other things. In fact, the fruit itself floats, and bottle gourds with still-viable seeds have been discovered after floating in seawater for more than seven months. Domestication History The bottle gourd is native to Africa: wild populations of the plant have recently been discovered in Zimbabwe. Two subspecies, likely representing two separate domestication events, have been identified: Lagenaria siceraria spp. siceraria (in Africa, domesticated some 4,000 years ago) and L. s. spp. asiatica (Asia, domesticated at least 10,000 years ago0. The likelihood of a third domestication event, in Central America about 10,000 years ago, has been implied from genetic analysis of American bottle gourds (Kistler et al.), Domesticated bottle gourds have been recovered in the Americas at sites such as Guila Naquitz in Mexico by ~10,000 years ago. Bottle Gourd Dispersals The earliest dispersal of the bottle gourd into the Americas was long believed by scholars to have occurred from the floating of domesticated fruits across the Atlantic. In 2005, researchers David Erickson and colleagues (among others) argued that bottle gourds, like dogs, had been brought into the Americas with the arrival of Paleoindian hunter-gatherers, at least 10,000 years ago. If true, then the Asian form of the bottle gourd was domesticated at least a couple of thousand years before that. Evidence of that has not been discovered, although domestic bottle gourds from several Jomon period sites on Japan have early dates. In 2014, researchers Kistler et al. disputed that theory, in part because it would have required the tropical and subtropical bottle gourd to have been planted at the crossing place into the Americas in the Bering Land Bridge region, an area far too cold to support that; and evidence for its presence in the likely entryway into the Americas has yet to be found. Instead, Kistlers team looked at DNA from samples in several locales in the Americas between 8,000 BC and 1925 AD (included Guila Naquitz and Quebrada Jaguay) and concluded that Africa is the clear source region of the bottle gourd in the Americas. Kistler et al. suggest that the African bottle gourds were domesticated in the American Neotropics, derived from seeds out of gourds which had drifted across the Atlantic. Later dispersals throughout eastern Polynesia, Hawaii, New Zealand and the western South American coastal region may have been driven by Polynesian seafaring. New Zealand bottle gourds exhibit features of both subspecies. The Kistler study identified the Polynesia bottle gourds as L. siceria ssp. asiatica, more closely related to Asian examples, but the puzzle was not addressed in that study. Important Bottle Gourd Sites AMS radiocarbon dates on bottle gourd rinds are reported after the site name unless otherwise noted. Note: dates in the literature are recorded as they appear, but are listed in roughly chronological order from oldest to youngest. Spirit Cave (Thailand), 10000-6000 BC (seeds)Azazu (Japan), 9000-8500 BC (seeds)Little Salt Spring (Florida, US), 8241-7832 cal BCGuila Naquitz (Mexico) 10,000-9000 BP 7043-6679 cal BCTorihama (Japan), 8000-6000 cal BP (a rind may be dated ~15,000 bp)Awatsu-kotei (Japan), associated date 9600 BPQuebrada Jaguay (Peru), 6594-6431 cal BCWindover Bog (Florida, US) 8100 BPCoxcatlan Cave (Mexico) 7200 BP (5248-5200 cal BC)Paloma (Peru) 6500 BPTorihama (Japan), associated date 6000 BPShimo-yakebe (Japan), 5300 cal BPSannai Maruyama (Japan), associated date 2500 BCTe Niu (Easter Island), pollen, AD 1450 Â   Sources Thanks to Hiroo Nasu of the Japanese Association of Historical Botany for the latest information about Jomon sites in Japan. This glossary entry is a part of the About.com guide to Plant Domestication and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Clarke AC, Burtenshaw MK, McLenachan PA, Erickson DL, and Penny D. 2006. Reconstructing the Origins and Dispersal of the Polynesian Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). Molecular Biology and Evolution 23(5):893-900. Duncan NA, Pearsall DM, and Benfer J, Robert A. 2009. Gourd and squash artifacts yield starch grains of feasting foods from preceramic Peru. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106(32):13202-13206. Erickson DL, Smith BD, Clarke AC, Sandweiss DH, and Tuross N. 2005. An Asian origin for a 10,000-year-old domesticated plant in the Americas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(51):18315–18320. Fuller DQ, Hosoya LA, Zheng Y, and Qin L. 2010. A Contribution to the Prehistory of Domesticated Bottle Gourds in Asia: Rind Measurements from Jomon Japan and Neolithic Zhejiang, China. Economic Botany 64(3):260-265. Horrocks M, Shane PA, Barber IG, D’Costa DM, and Nichol SL. 2004. Microbotanical remains reveal Polynesian agriculture and mixed cropping in early New Zealand. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 131:147-157. doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2004.03.003 Horrocks M, and Wozniak JA. 2008. Plant microfossil analysis reveals disturbed forest and a mixed-crop, dryland production system at Te Niu, Easter Island. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(1):126-142.doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2007.02.014 Kistler L, Montenegro , Smith BD, Gifford JA, Green RE, Newsom LA, and Shapiro B. 2014. Transoceanic drift and the domestication of African bottle gourds in the Americas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111(8):2937-2941. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1318678111 Kudo Y, and Sasaki Y. 2010. Characterization of Plant Remains on Jomon Potteries Excavated from the Shimo-yakebe Site, Tokyo, Japan. Bulletin of the National Museum of Japanese History 158:1-26. (in Japanese) Pearsall DM. 2008. Plant domestication. In: Pearsall DM, editor. Encyclopedia of Archaeology. London: Elsevier Inc. p 1822-1842. doi:10.1016/B978-012373962-9.00081-9 Schaffer AA, and Paris HS. 2003. Melons, squashes and gourds. In: Caballero B, editor. Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition. second ed. London: Elsevier. p 3817-3826. doi: 10.1016/B0-12-227055-X/00760-4 Smith BD. 2005. Reassessing Coxcatlan Cave and the early history of domesticated plants in Mesoamerica. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(27):9438-9445. Zeder MA, Emshwiller E, Smith BD, and Bradley DG. 2006. Documenting domestication: the intersection of genetics and archaeology. Trends in Genetics 22(3):139-155. doi:10.1016/j.tig.2006.01.007

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Khan had gone for an interview with the organization wearing the hijab, which did not prevent her from being hired as she had agreed to wear it if it matched the company colours. However, a higher-ranking manager spotted her in one and suspended her immediately after which he went ahead and dismissed her from work. In the judgement, US district attorney Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers of Oakland argued that Abercrombie had granted exemptions since 2005 which allowed employees to wear Jewish yarmulke, a baseball cap among other exemptions she went ahead to argue that Khan’s attire had not in any way affected the business. The attorney found out that Abercrombie had violated the religious rights of Khan and therefore awarded her damages to the tune of 48, 000 dollars. In addition, the organisation was required to permanently drop any ban that it had in respect to headscarves. In the settlement, the organisation was also required to accommodate different religious beliefs and practises as long as it did not suffer any undue hardships. Worker absenteeism costing the economy billions Absenteeism among workers has caused most of the economies in the world to lose billions of dollars. This absenteeism ranges from short offs to long leaves from work. The rates of absenteeism differs between different working conditions and industries, for instance workers who are on full time employment terms have a higher rate of absenteeism as compared to those that are working on contractual basis. In addition, government employees are more likely to be involved in higher levels of absenteeism as compared to people working in the private sector. In Canada, the level of absenteeism among full time workers is an average of 9.3 days, which represents almost two full working weeks. The trend of absenteeism is more rampant among full time government employees who are estimated to be absent from work about 12.9 days a year and private sector workers who are absent from work 8.2 days a year. It is estimated that in 2012, the Canadian economy lost about 16.6 billion US dollars due to workers absenteeism. This trend is likely to continue as the workers age if it is not properly handled. A major shortcoming in dealing with the problem of worker absenteeism is that despite of the economic implications that it has on the Canadian economy, less than half of the employees track down the number of absent days that employees have. Despite it being hard to compare the levels of absenteeism between countries, the levels of absenteeism in Canada are high compared to those in United States of America and United Kingdom. Age discrimination in the workplace in Michigan Age discrimination in the work place occur when the employer makes employment related decisions on the basis of age or treats the employees differently due to their age. in Michigan, several age discrimination practises are illegal, for instance, sacking, hiring or refusing to hire an individual based on his age is con sidered illegal, treating employees differently based on their age in relation to promotions, wages, knowledge advancement opportunities, benefits or training is also not allowed (Hulett, 2011). In addition, when an employer advertises a vacancy in his organisation stating preferences for people of a certain age bracket is also considered as an illegal age discrimination practise in Michigan. In Michigan, age discrimination

Email Tracking And News Posting Tracking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Email Tracking And News Posting Tracking - Essay Example They receive messages and forward them to the intermediate systems that indicate the path between the receiver and the sender. Systems facilitate this activity to determine the actual sender of information, however, it ca n be challenging if the founder of messages covers the suspicious emails and news postings. Email tracking involves screening email delivery to the addressee. It enables the sender to know if the intended recipient received the message, but does not show if the email was opened and read (Pappallardo & Ellen 2005). Outlook, Notes, and Eudora are networked software that enable clients interact with the server. Microsoft office outlook develops a read receipt tracking method, which makes the sender access the receipt request option before sending the email. After sending the message, recipients can also bring to the attention of the sender that the email was received and read. Nevertheless, such email applications do not guarantee the sender receipt request. On then ha nd, news postings indicate on the top of the message significant tracks that show the subject header, the sender, date, and dime sent. With such vital information, tracking of group news becomes easier compared to emails. Postings are public and can be accessed by a significant number of people. Emails are private and more personal than news postings since they are addressed to a specific person or group. News postings audience who visit social networking sites such as face book and twitter. News postings are bulletins for everyone in the network to see. They are useful because they inform friends in the network service without resorting to sending messages individually. However, tracking news becomes challenging since posts are deleted affected ten days while emails are stored in the server for future reading and reference. Therefore, tracking of emails have been shown to be easier than postings. When conducting email tracking, one can use the IP address that the user assigned, whi ch will show the time and date the message was sent (US-CERT 2003). Lastly, in email tracking, one can investigate on behalf of the victim, by sending the original message through copy mailing. At this point, one can send the message as an attachment because for warding replaces the suspect’s information. News postings have group link features that enable the use to sign up until the time when her network shall be back. In networking systems, new postings prove to be the perfect destination for everyone to stay connected. Question 2- IRC crimes The growth of technology has been identified with positive and negative effects. The world has witnessed the abuse of this new system making the society acquire a negative attitude. Child pornography is an ex ample of internet related crime because nude figures are exposed on websites, and when children come across them, they become misguided. Scenes of teenagers involving on sexual acts are posted on the internet. This technology can be accessed by anyone regardless of their age. Such websites have chat conversations, which lure children in to immoral conversations that lead to child abuse. Secondly, carding and phishing describe how fraudsters operate in small and secret channels. They code their messages to prevent people who may come across, and discover their network. Therefore, to track carding and phishing, one should have a peculiar access to IRC network servers. Internet related crime is overlooked when computer crimes come in to discussions. It is seen as a less dangerous compared to other types of crimes. Crimes committed on computers become challenging to track because the society lack s information on this issue. Chat rooms have been made to facilitate chatting and communicating globally (Smith 2004).

Illegal Downloading: Good Or Bad?

Illegal Downloading: Good Or Bad? There have been many arguments on whether illegal downloading is a serious problem or not. Illegal downloading isnt that much of a problem if you take the time out to research into it. Sources have shown that illegal downloading actually promotes and helps artist more, it helps people become more diverse in music genres, artist illegally download music as well as their fans, and that there is zero to no evidence that free online music financially harms anyone. These and many more is just the tip iceberg on the arguments that are for illegal downloading, but for now where did illegal downloading all begin? The history of commercial music distribution is a recent one.(Miller, Web). Music distribution started up about the 1800s when the idea of sheet music was thought of. Later after that during the 1930s, people of the middle class had pianos. They would usually go to the local store, buy sheet music of their favorite artist during that time, and play it at their homes. Soon after there was the invention of the phonograph by Thomas Edison which enabled artist to widely distribute their music. The music was first created on wax cylinders and then vinyl discs. During this time there were about 150 companies creating records. Over time, the record industry evolved from 78 RPM discs to 45 RPM singles to 33 1/3 RPM long playing (LP) albums, and then to 8-track tapes (remember them?) And recorded audiocassette, and then to digital compact discs and finally to downloadable and streaming digital tracks.(Miller, Web). Quality had greatly increased with this evolution and so did the distribution. It was pretty obvious that these recordings could be duplicated, but it wasnt as easy back then. The only things that were known were home wire recorders and discs cutting machines. Not all people knew how to use these devices at the time though. What really started making things easy was the invention of the reel to reel tape recording in the 1950s and the audiocassette recorders in the 1960s. The only problems with these were that the audio grade of copied music was somewhat horrible. It wasnt until the digital era started that we could make extremely good copies of music due to CDs and your computer. Then when the internet came along downloading music became simple for anyone to be able to download any type music for free. (Miller, Web). Napster, which started in 1999, was the first hugely popular music file-sharing services. It was shut down by court order in 2001.(Hamilton, 90). Now a days most music downloading is done by college students. (Jambon, Web). One of the main arguments of the opposing side says that it harms artist by taking money from them, but this is the exact opposite. In a survey shown by opposing viewpoints there were only about 12 percent of artists thought that illegal downloading hurt them. Most of the artists were not convinced that illegal downloading is doing any economic harm. Whats worth noting is that higher educated artist in particular believed that file-sharing is doing them no harm.(Opposing Viewpoints). Also majority of the artist thought that illegal downloading helped promote them. About 50 percent of the artists believe strongly that illegal downloading helps get their work known better in public. There was only about 5 percent who thought the other way around. In particular the younger artists ( Illegal downloading also helps artist by helping people become more subjected to new genres of music. Having the easy accessibility of mp3s means that more people will be listening to different types of music that they havent heard before, and this informs them more on music as a whole. Artists really have nothing to worry about when it comes to losing money in the music industry. From research artist have also been known to download music illegally themselves. the Dutch Government announced plans to outlaw downloading of all copyrighted material and measures to make it easier to block websites that facilitate copyright infringement. An interesting, particularly since a survey they published on the same day shows that artists views on file-sharing are not all that negative.(Opposing Viewpoints). They began a huge survey in order to find out more about the view of artist on the topic of piracy, DRM the digital rights management: technologies that limit access to digital content), and similar opportunities and challenges they had faced in the digital era. The questions that were asked in the article were answered by about 4,000 artists of all ages, which included musicians, filmmakers, authors and photographers. When the results had come out, there was in unparalleled look into the state at which the artists stood on the subject. One of the results that stands o ut directly is that artist are pirates too.(Opposing Viewpoints). While not all of them were pirates, there was a good amount of them that were. About 22 percent of the surveyors responded saying that they had downloaded copyrighted works without the owners permission in the last 12 months. Another 71% told the researchers they hadnt downloaded anything without permission during this period, and the remaining 7% didnt know, or didnt want to answer the question.(Opposing Viewpoints). There was another question ask to the surveyors who had recently owned up to downloading other peoples copyrighted works. These results had shown that music was the most downloaded media type, with 80 percent from music, 40 percent for movies and 5 percent for e-books and games (Opposing Viewpoints). So as well the fans downloading illegally, the artist were no different. Lastly there really is zero to no evidence when it comes to financially harming artist. If you think about, the music industry should be rejoicing at this new technological advance. Heres a foolproof way to deliver music to millions who might otherwise never bought a CD in a store.(Aksomitis,16). There is an exceptional amount of cross-marketing. The cost is extremely low and there is no shipping. The RIAA may be right about their being a lot changes in the music industry, but at the same time there still are a good amount of labels left. Well turn into Microsoft if were not careful, folks, insisting that any household wanting an extra copy for the car, the kids, or the portable CD player, has to go out and license multiple copies.(Aksomitis, 16). People as artist are the ones who have the ear of the masses, and thats who should be trusted. Most of the shame should not be brought on the fans and the people, but on the bad state of the industry of recording companies, radio programmer s. There although is some good arguments that states the fans need to organize themselves in order to better their own lives and morals in illegal downloading. This is true but this is one of few true statements that fall under the cons of illegal downloading. In conclusion to this argument, there is some but not a lot of danger when it comes to illegal downloading its actually a good thing. Whether it be helping the artist, artists illegally downloading or any other reason. Illegal downloading is here to stay, and while there all no ways to completely stop it there are always ways to help it. Work Cited Jambon, Marc M., and Judith G. Smetana. College Students Moral Evaluations Of Illegal Music Downloading. Journal Of Applied Developmental Psychology 33.1 (2012): 31 39. Academic Search Premier. Web. 19 Apr. 2013. Miller, Michael. Downloading Pirated Music: Pros and Cons.Que.com. (2012): n. page. Web. 19 Apr. 2013. Sar, Ernesto Van Der. Copyright Violations Do Not Hurt Artist Income. The Music Industry. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Green haven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. From Artist Dont Think Piracy Hurts Them Financially, Study Shows. TorrentFreak.com. 2011. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Mar. 2013 Aksomitis, Linda. Downloading Music. Farmington Hills: Greenhaven Press, 2007. Print. Hamilton, Jill. The Music Industry. Farmington Hills: Greenhaven Press, 2009. Print. Smith, Ethan. Listen to Music Free, but Pay to Carry. Wall Street Journal Eastern Edition 05 June 2007: B1+. Newspaper Source. Web. 19 Apr. 2013. Heigl, Alex. Five Ways to Justify Illegally Downloading Music. Nerve.com. (2011): n. page. Web. 19 Apr. 2013.

Stem Cell Therapy Essay

Sepulveda Bio. Anthro. Tues 6-9 Cell Replacement and Stem Cell Therapy to Treat Neurodegenerative Disease Stem cell therapy is being used to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or ALS, commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig’s disease. The disease itself, new therapies and treatments, along with a cure are currently being studied by universities and stem cell researchers. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which attacks the neurons in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary movement, eventually leading to respiratory failure and death (Kamel et al. 2008). The current course of action for a patient with ALS is physical therapy and, if their budget allows, cell replacement therapy. However there is presently no cure and the patient will eventually have respiratory problems and die from the disease. Adult stem cells (ASCs) and blastocyst or embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are being used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in cell replacement therapy, yet this only slows the degeneration of their neurons (Goldman, Windrem, 2006).Research for both adult stem cell and blastocyst stem cell technologies are the only practical option in approaching a cure or more effective treatment for ALS. Both of these technologies require stem cells, but are challenging to safely retrieve and utilize through the current treatment methods, which is why it is essential to continue to support and fund this research. Cell replacement therapy is currently the only stem cell treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, but researchers are trying to find new ways of treating and possibly curing ALS.Cell augmentation using stem cells could be the future of treatment for ALS but scientists are currently working to increase availability of the needed ESCs and ASCs to treat patients using cell replacement therapy. There are three different ways to harvest the necessary stem cells for neuron replacement: growing ESCs in vitro, har vesting stem cells from the brain or spinal cord of a live donor through biopsy, and harvesting from the brain or spinal cord of a donor post mortem (Sohur et. al. , 2006). The goal of treatment of ALS is to slow and eventually stop cell loss progressing to the point of functional impairment.To accomplish this goal, protecting the remaining neurons as well as replacing and augmenting damaged neurons is important. The ultimate goal, to cure ALS, is to fully restore authentic neuronal circuitry or â€Å"full systems reconstruction† (Ormerod et. al. 2008). Full systems reconstruction would consist of recreating a map of precisely patterned neurons of the correct type using the stem cells to send projections to the appropriate field within the brain. The cure seems virtually impossible with the technology currently available, but recreating neurogenesis may be possible in the future.Adult stem cell harvesting is difficult and costly when retrieving the stem cells needed to treat neurodegenerative diseases from brain matter or spinal fluid. Neurons are very specific cells in the brain and spinal cord and possess a special set of neurotransmitters depending on their function; this poses problems when harvesting ASCs (Zhang et. al. , 2006). The ASCs needed to treat ALS must be able to specialize and replace degenerating neurons affected by the disease. This procedure would not be possible without using stem cells to replace the damaged and degenerating neurons.However a problem associated with ASCs is rejection of foreign cells when transplanting ASCs taken through biopsy from a donor. Although biopsy from the patient receiving treatment is an option, the ASCs required come from the brain or spinal cord and can be very dangerous to harvest this way. Adult neural stem cells can be harvested from brain tissue, either from a deceased donor or through biopsy, and then grown in a culture (Ormerod et. al. , 2008). ASCs will not expand nearly as much as ESCs in cultu re and will differentiate into a limited number of neuron types.When using ESCs, which conform to the necessary specialized type of neurons, the lack of flexibility encountered in the ASCs is eliminated. Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), however difficult to harvest initially, will multiply greatly when grown in culture. The ESCs are generated by in vitro fertilization and grown into the blastocyst stage before harvesting. The advantages of ESCs are boundless; the results of the therapy would not be obtainable without use of the stem cells to replace the damaged cells.The ease and frequency with which ESCs can be expanded in culture is a significant advantage over ASCs. Growing such high numbers of stem cells in this fashion can prove problematic though, while the cells reproduce indefinitely they become more susceptible to mutation and may cause tumors following transplant (Ormerod et. al. , 2008). Thus, a challenge rises to differentiate the cells fully before transplant or to gr ow many more cultures from different donor eggs, which are difficult and expensive to receive.ESCs are more easily specialized into neurons, oligodendrocytes, and glia needed to treat ALS than ASCs; but the possibility of tumors forming in the patient along with the cost and complication of creating new chains of blastocysts from donor eggs pose a disadvantage of using this technology (Ormerod et. al. , 2008). Taking into consideration ESC technology’s advantages and disadvantages, it is equally as viable an approach to a cure for ALS as ASC technology. ALS is an extremely destructive disease which unfortunately plagues a large population.ALS is difficult to treat because it is a neurodegenerative disease and requires brain surgery and neuron replacement. Both adult stem cell and embryonic stem cell therapies have potential to increase the quality of life for patients with ALS but they both have their own individual inherent risk that must be taken into account by the patient and doctors when choosing a stem cell therapy method. Donors are few and far between and the necessary cells are very specific for this particular procedure.Through an increase in research and development of new ways to multiply and store stem cells, along with an increase in donors, the road toward a cure will be a short one. Hopefully in the future the treatment will become easier, less costly, and less dangerous for the patient. Works Cited Larsen CS. 2010. Essentials of Physical Anthropology: Discovering Our Origins. New York and London: W. W. Norton & Company Ormerod, B. K. , Palmer, T. D. , & Maeve, A. C. (2008). Neurodegeneration and cell replacement. Philosophical Transactions: Biological , 363(1489), 153-170.Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/20210044 Sohur, U. S. , Emsley, J. G. , Mitchell, B. D. , & Macklis, J. D. (2006). Adult neurogenesis and cellular brain repair with neural progenitors, precursors and stem cells. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Scien ces, 361(1473), 1477-1497. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/20209745 Kamel,, F. , Umbach, D. M. , Stallone, L. , Richards, M. , Hu, H. , & Sandler, D. P. (2008). Association of lead exposure with survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Evironmental Health Perspectives, 116(7), 943-947. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/25071103 Goldman, S. A. , & Windrem, M. S. (2006). Cell replacement therapy in neurological disease. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 361(1473), 1463-1475. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/20209744 Zhang, S. , Li, X. , Johnson, A. , & Pankratz, M. T. (2006). Human embryonic stem cells for brain repair?. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 363(1489), 87-99. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/20210040

Realtionship Between the Media, Public Perceptions of Crime and Police Essay

Does the media and the amount of exposure to specific news media affect fear of crime? This question is examined in a survey with data collected from three universities in the United States and one in Canada; The Impact of Media on Fear of Crime among University Students: A Cross-National Comparison, goes over the results. It’s believed that fear in itself can be debilitating leading to harmful social outcomes. Vincent Sacco believes there are three dimensions to fear of crime: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Cognitive looks at a how a person assesses their likelihood of being victimized. Emotional is how someone feels about crime, and behavioral is a person’s response to fear of their perceived likelihood of being victimized. However, in 2011, it was argued â€Å"that fear of crime ought to be conceptualized by distinguishing between generalized anxieties and more concrete episodes of fear, as well as by differentiating effects of everyday worries and anxieties† (Kohm, Waid-Lindberg, Weinrath & Shelley, 2012). This theory â€Å"is thought allow for better understanding of how people are motivated to protect themselves† (Kohm, Waid-Lindberg, Weinrath & Shelley, 2012). Despite a decrease in crime rates, citizens of both the United States and Canada still have a high fear of being victimized. One theory suggests that increased fear is a direct result of an individual’s perception of the risk to being a victim. This can occur because of one’s past victimizations or through media exposure of crime also known as indirect victimization. Individuals learn of local crime, national crime and even world-wide crime events through media sources: TV, newspapers, and internet. In 2007, the United Nations Crime Victims Survey (ICVS) showed that the United States reported the second lowest level (16%) of fear of being victims of a burglary compared to Canada who reported higher levels (25%) of fear, even though crimes rates had declined since 1989. Secondhand information (news sources) raises fear and beliefs that victimization is likely, in turn individuals become indirect victims through their fear. The cultivation theory suggests that when violent crimes stories increase so does the fear of crime. Similar to the cultivation theory, the substitution perspective states that individuals with no history of victimization will have increased fear of crime with crime related stories. The resonance perspective is just the opposite. It states that the media increases fear when the content is similar to one’s experiences. These three theories are derived from the indirect victimization model. Most individuals receive crime information from television news reports, where stories on crime are reported twice as often as political news stories. Stories involving multiple victims, use of firearms, as well as certain other crime characteristics is more newsworthy than others. The survey done on Canadian and United States university students showed that local news affected individual’s fears more than world news. Also television news reports affected fear more than other news sources such as newspapers or the internet where people can select which stories they want to read. The nature of a criminal offence and the community context in which the crime occurs determines how a story is reported. An example being, â€Å"smaller suburban and rural areas are more likely to report all homicides while large urban areas may be more selective† (Kohm, Waid-Lindberg, Weinrath & Shelley, 2012). The article states that fear if crime is directly related to demographics factors which include: gender, age, race/ethnicity, and situational factors including any previous victimization, one’s perception of their risk of being victimized, and concerns about local crime. Even though males experience higher levels of being victimized, women tend to fear crime more because they feel they are able to defend themselves against a physical attack. One study reported that Elderly are more fearful where as another study shows younger individuals are more fearful. Therefore, age as a predictor for fear of crime is inconsistent. The following universities were given a self-administered survey as part of the current study this article was based on: Colorado State University (CSU), University of Texas at Arlington (UTA), and Florida State University (FSU) and one Canadian, University of Winnipeg (UW). The campuses of UTA, FSU and UW are located in higher crime urban areas. In Florida and Texas, violent and property crime rates are higher than the national average. Winnipeg’s violent and property crimes rates are also higher than the rest of Canada’s crimes levels. Criminal Justice or Criminology majors reported a lower fear of crime compared to other majors or students who were yet undecided. The survey also showed that there was a similar rate of concern between both nations; reporting on a scale of 1-10 the average was seven, clearly showing a somewhat high concern for crime. In summary, the findings for the survey are as follows: women, whites, non-criminal justice/criminology majors reported aving more fear of crime. A general concern about crime was relatively the same between the American and Canadian students though Canadians had higher rate of fear for risk of violent victimization and Americans had a higher rate for property victimization. The media plays a substantial role in determining the amount of fear of crime that people hold. This comes from the fact that the media extensively and disproportionately cover crime stories. But how does this affect the public’s perception of law enforcement? The answer to this question is simple. The media leads people to believe that there is more crime than there actually is. Therefore, the media also plays a role in forming expectations of police. When people think that crime has increased, they more than likely will believe that the police are not doing their jobs. The problem is, is that the media has created a false image of law enforcement. According to Ronald D. Hunter and Thomas Barker (2011), â€Å"the police officers of Hollywood lore are fictional images of stereotypes that have been exaggerated to provide entertainment to a bored public† (p. 41). A few examples of entertainment media that depict these false pictures of police are: CSI, NCIS, Law and Order, Criminal Minds, and NYPD Blue. Each and every one of these portray the characters as super-cops that can perform more than just the standard jobs of real life police officers. For example, in CSI the multitude of character can perform investigative tasks as well as tasks involving forensic science. The characters of these shows solve challenging cases using their superior intelligence and expertise. Almost always, the characters solve their case in single day maybe two days. People tend to believe that these fictional images and stereotypes are true and base their perceptions of real life police off these. Aside from entertainment media, the public is also greatly influenced by news media, as previously seen above. According to Hunter and Barker (2011), Depicting the police negatively as misusing deadly force, police prejudice, or police corruption is also newsworthy. The amount of emphasis given to police actions and the media’s interpretation of these actions as either proper or improper have a tremendous effect on the public’s perception of the police. p. 41) Police agencies across the United States; deal with accusations of misuse of force on a daily basis. Justified or not, images of police using force continue to outrage the American public. However, police use of force incidents are often misinterpreted by the community due to the media frenzy twisting facts. The media undermines the authority of the police and reduces the trust that the public has in its police. What is observed in the media is largely carried out to represent police as a whole. In other words, the media magnifies situations and creates an exaggerated perspective that viewers assume is a standard of all police and police organizations as well as crime. Among the different types of stories in the media, negative stories attract a larger audience. What a person reads, hears, and observes in the media largely defines the person’s perception of the police. Whether we recognize the effects of the media or not, our perceptions of this world are heavily influenced by the information we receive from the media. The media constantly surrounds us, frequently informs us, and just as frequently misinforms us. The influence of the media is significant since media could be identified as a primary source in influencing people’s perceptions of crime and their perceptions of police. Besides the significant effect on fear of crime, the media has influenced the public’s attitudes toward police at the same time. News media may be the primary source for the public viewing the police as ineffective and incompetent. Studies have highlighted the powerful influence of media’s news coverage, there are solid justifications for us to examine the links between fear of crime and how crime news coverage influences the public’s attitudes toward police efficiency.

Which Delphi Files to Store in a Source Control System

Delphi employs a number of files for its configuration, some global to the Delphi environment, some project specific. Various tools in the Delphi IDE store data in files of other types. The following list describes the files and their filename extensions that Delphi creates for a typical stand-alone application, plus a dozen more. Also, get to know which Delphi generated files should be stored in a source control system. Delphi Project Specific .PAS - Delphi Source FilePAS should be stored in Source ControlIn Delphi, PAS files are always the source code to either a unit or a form. Unit source files contain most of the code in an application. The unit contains the source code for any event handlers attached to the events of the form or the components it contains. We may edit .pas files using Delphis code editor. Do not delete .pas files. .DCU - Delphi Compiled UnitA compiled unit (.pas) file. By default, the compiled version of each unit is stored in a separate binary-format file with the same name as the unit file, but with the extension .DCU (Delphi compiled unit). For example unit1.dcu contains the code and data declared in the unit1.pas file. When you rebuild a project, individual units are not recompiled unless their source (.PAS) files have changed since the last compilation, or their .DCU files cannot be found. Safely delete .dcu file because Delphi recreates it when you compile the application. .DFM - Delphi FormDFM should be stored in Source ControlThese files are always paired with .pas files. A DFM file contains the details (properties) of the objects contained in a form. It can be view as text by right clicking on the form and selecting view as text from the pop-up menu. Delphi copies information in .dfm files into the finished .exe code file. Caution should be used in altering this file as changes to it could prevent the IDE from being able to load the form. Form files can be saved in either binary or text format. The Environment Options dialog lets you indicate which format you want to use for newly created forms. Do not delete .dfm files. .DPR - Delphi ProjectDPR should be stored in Source ControlThe .DPR file is the central file to a Delphi project (one .dpr file per a project), actually a Pascal source file. It serves as the primary entry point for the executable. The DPR contains the references to the other files in the project and links forms with their associated units. Although we can modify the .DPR  file, we should not modify it manually. Do not delete .DPR files. .RES - Windows Resource FileA Windows resource file generated automatically by Delphi and required by the compilation process. This binary-format file contains the version info resource (if required) and the application’s main icon. The file may also contain other resources used within the application but these are preserved as is. .EXE - Application ExecutableThe first time we build an application or a standard dynamic-link library, the compiler produces a .DCU file for each new unit used in your project; all the .DCU files in your project are then linked to create a single .EXE (executable) or .DLL file. This binary-format file is the only one (in most cases) you have to distribute to your users. Safely delete your projects .exe file because Delphi recreates it when you compile the application. .~ - Delphi Backup FilesFiles with names ending in .~ (e.g. unit2.~pa) are backup copies of modified and saved files. Safely delete those files at any time, however, you might want to keep the for recovering damaged programming. .DLL - Application ExtensionCode for dynamic link library. A dynamic-link library (DLL) is a collection of routines that can be called by applications and by other DLLs. Like units, DLLs contain shareable code or resources. But a DLL is a separately compiled executable that is linked at runtime to the programs that use it. Do not delete a .DLL file unless you wrote it. Go see DLLs and Delphi for more information on programming. .DPK - Delphi PackageDPK should be stored in Source ControlThis file contains the source code for a package, which is most often a collection of multiple units. Package source files are similar to project files, but they are used to construct special dynamic-link libraries called packages. Do not delete .dpk files. .DCPThis binary image file consists of the actual compiled package. Symbol information and additional header information required by the IDE are all contained within the .DCP file. The IDE must have access to this file in order to build a project. Do not delete .DCP files. .BPL or .DPLThis is the actual design-time or run-time package. This file is a Windows DLL with Delphi-specific features integrated into it. This file is essential for the deployment of an application that uses a package. In version 4 and above this is Borland package library in version 3 its Delphi package library. See BPL vs. DLL for more information on programming with packages. The following list describes the files and their filename extensions that Delphi IDE creates for a typical stand-alone application   Ã‚  Ã‚  IDE Specific.BPG, .BDSGROUP - Borland Project Group (Borland Developer Studio Project Group)BPG should be stored in Source ControlCreate project groups to handle related projects at once. For example, you can create a project group that contains multiple executable files such as a .DLL and an .EXE. .DCRDCR should be stored in Source ControlDelphi component resource files contain a components icon as it appears on the VCL palette. We may use .dcr files when construction our own custom components. Do not delete .dpr files. .DOFDOF should be stored in Source ControlThis text file contains the current settings for project options, such as compiler and linker settings, directories, conditional directives, and command-line parameters. The only reason to delete .dof file is to revert to standard options for a project. .DSKThis text file stores information about the state of your project, such as which windows are open and what position they are in. This allows you to restore your project’s workspace whenever you reopen the Delphi project. .DROThis text file contains information about the object repository. Each entry in this file contains specific information about each available item in the object repository. .DMTThis proprietary binary file contains the shipped and user-defined menu templates information. .TLBThe file is a proprietary binary type library file. This file provides a way for identifying what types of objects and interfaces are available on an ActiveX server. Like a unit or a header file the .TLB serves as a repository for necessary symbol information for an application. .DEMThis text file contains some standard country-specific formats for a TMaskEdit component. The list of the file extensions you see when Developing with Delphi continues .... .CABThis is the file format that Delphi offers its users for web deployment. The cabinet format is an efficient way to package multiple files. .DBFiles with this extension are standard Paradox files. .DBFFiles with this extension are standard dBASE files. .GDBFiles with this extension are standard Interbase files. .DBIThis text file contains initialization information for the Database Explorer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  CautionNever delete files with names ending in .dfm, .dpr, or .pas, unless you want to throw away your project. These files contain the applications properties and source code. When backing up an application, these are the critical files to save.